Finding the Signal through the Noise

[magazine]
Basic guidelines for extracting critical information from your measurement data
Volume-Issue: 
1999-01
Article Summary: 

A major challenge for software professionals interpreting data is deciding what's real and what isn't, what matters and what doesn't. A useful way to think about it is that you are trying to find the signal in the noise produced by random variation and error. Here is advice on how to extract the useful information from the "noise."